Hymenogaster utriculatus
Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 3, Bot. 1: 246. 1899.
Common Name: none
Synonyms: Dendrogaster utriculatus (Harkn.) Zeller & Dodge; Gymnoglossum utriculatum (Harkn.) Zeller.
For description see Dodge & Zeller, Arora & 'California Mushrooms'.
Hypogeous in mixed woods; winter.
Unknown.
The spore ornamentation of Hymenogaster utriculatus is unlike anything in Hymenogaster and this species belongs in a different genus, but to our knowledge this transfer has not been made. The generic name Thiersia was proposed for Hymenogaster utriculatus in the 1980's but was never published; that name would be invalid for this taxa since Thiersia is a genus of vascular plants in the Rubiaceae. This taxa undoubtedly does not belong in Hymenogaster, Gymnoglossum is possible the correct placement.
Arora, D. (1986). Mushrooms Demystified. Ten Speed Press: Berkeley, CA. 959 p.
Desjardin, D.E., Wood, M.G. & Stevens, F.A. (2015). California Mushrooms: The Comprehensive Identification Guide. Timber Press: Portland, OR. 560 p.
Dodge, C.W. & Zeller, S.M. (1934). Hymenogaster and related genera. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 21: 625-708. (PDF)
Harkness, H.W. (1899). Californian hypogeous fungi. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser 3 1: 241-292. (Protologue)
Trappe, J.M., Molina, R., Luoma, D.L., Cázares, E., Pilz, D., Smith, J., Castellano, M.A., Miller, S.L. & Trappe, M.J. (2009). Diversity, Ecology, and Conservation of Truffle Fungi in Forests of the Pacific Northwest. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station: Portland, OR. 194 p. (PDF)
Zeller, S.M. (1948). Notes on certain Gasteromycetes, including two new orders. Mycologia 40: 639-668.
— developmental sequence of the spores
